Vayudoot Aviation

1. At the top of orographic waves, in mountainous regions, the cloud most likely to be encountered is

cirrus.

altocumulus lenticularis.

cirrostratus.

cumulus mediocris

2. The presence of altocumulus lenticularis is an indication of the

presence of mountain waves

development of thermal lows

presence of valley winds

risk of orographic thunderstorms

3. Vertical wind shear is

vertical variation in the horizontal wind

horizontal variation in the vertical wind

horizontal variation in the horizontal wind

vertical variation in the vertical wind

4. At the top of orographic waves, in mountainous regions, the cloud most likely to be encountered is

altocumulus lenticularis.

cirrus.

cumulus mediocris.

cirrostratus.

5. You intend to carry out a VFR flight over the Alps, on a hot summer day, when the weather is unstable. What is the best time of day to conduct this flight?

Mid-day.

Afternoon

Early evening.

Morning.

6. Above and below a low level inversion the wind is likely to

change significantly in speed and direction

change in speed but not in direction

change in direction but not in speed

experience little or no change in speed and direction

7. On a clear summer day, turbulence caused by solar heating is most pronounced

during the early afternoon

immediately after sunset

about midmorning

during early morning hours before sunrise

8. A flight is to depart from an airport with runways 09 and 27. Surface wind is 270/05; an inversion is reported at 300 feet with turbulence and wind shear. The wind just above the inversion is 090/30. What is the safest departure procedure?

Take-off is not possible under these conditions.

Depart on runway 09 with a tailwind.

Depart runway 27 with as steep an ascent as possible.

Depart runway 27 with maximum throttle during the passage through the inversion.

9. A wide body aircraft takes off on a clear night in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Shortly after take off the aircraft’s rate of climb drops to zero. This can be due to

a very strong temperature inversion

very pronounced downdrafts

low relative humidity

sand/dust in the engines

10. Under which of the following conditions is the most severe CAT likely to be experienced?

A jet stream, with great spacing between the isotherms

A straight jet stream near a low pressure area

A curved jet stream near a deep trough

A westerly jet stream at low latitudes in the summer

11. Which degree of aircraft turbulence is determined by the following ICAO description? “There may be moderate changes in aircraft attitude and/or altitude but the aircraft remains in positive control at all times. Usually, small variations in air speed. Changes in accelerometer readings of 0.5 to 1.0 g at the aircraft’s enter of gravity. Occupants feel strain against seat belts. Loose objects move about. Food service and walking is difficult.”

Violent.

Light.

Severe

Moderate.

12. The degree of clear air turbulence experienced by an aircraft is proportional to the

intensity of vertical and horizontal windshear

height of the aircraft

stability of the air

intensity of the solar radiation

13. Low level vertical wind shear can be expected during the night

in association with radiation inversions

and early morning only in summer

and early morning only in winter

in unstable atmospheres

14. In which zone of a jet stream is the strongest CAT to be expected?

The warm air side of the core.

The cold air side of the core

Exactly in the centre of the core.

15. What is normally the most effective measure to reduce or avoid CAT effects?

Decrease of speed.

Change of flight level.

Increase of speed.

Change of course.

16. Fallstreaks or virga are?

strong katabatic winds in mountainous areas and accompanied by heavy precipitation

strong downdraughts in the polar jet stream, associated with jet streaks

water or ice particles falling out of a cloud that evaporate before reaching the ground

gusts associated with a well developed Bora

17. Which of the following conditions are most favourable to the formation of mountain waves?

Stable air at mountain top altitude and a wind at least 20 knots blowing across the mountain ridge.

Unstable air at mountain top altitude and a wind at least 20 knots blowing across the mountain ridge.

Moist unstable air at mountain top and wind of less than 5 knots blowing across the mountain ridge.

Either stable or unstable air at mountain top and a wind of at least 30 knots blowing parallel to the mountain ridge.

18. Which cloud type may indicate the presence of severe turbulence?

Nimbostratus

Stratocumulus

Altocumulus lenticularis

Cirrocumulus

19. The vertical extent of the friction layer depends primarily on

stability, wind speed, roughness of surface

wind speed, roughness of surface, temperature

roughness of surface, temperature, local time

temperature, local time, environmental lapse rate

20. Which cloud type may indicate the presence of severe turbulence?

Nimbostratus

Cirrocumulus

Altocumulus lenticularis

Stratocumulus

21. How does moderate turbulence affect an aircraft?

Rapid and somewhat rhythmic bumpiness is experienced without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude

Large, abrupt changes in altitude or attitude occur but the aircraft may only be out of control momentarily

Continued flight in this environment will result in structural damage.

Changes in altitude or attitude occur but the aircraft remains in positive control at all times.

22. A zone of strong convection currents is encountered during a flight. In spite of moderate gust you decide to continue the flight. What are your precautionary measures?

Increase the speed / try to descend below the zone of convective currents.

Decrease the speed / try to climb above the zone of convective currents if aircraft performance parameters allow

Decrease the speed / try to descend below the zone of convective currents

Increase the speed / try to climb above the zone of convective currents if aircraft performance parameters allow.

23. What units are used to report vertical wind shear?

m/100 FT.

kt/100 FT.

kt

m/sec.

24. The most dangerous low level wind shears are encountered

during any period when wind speed is greater than 35 kt and near valleys

when strong ground inversions are present and near thunderstorms

in areas with layered clouds and wind speeds higher than 35 kt

near valleys and at the windward side of mountains.

25. All pilots encountering Clear Air Turbulence are requested to report it. You experience CAT which causes passengers and crew to feel definite strain against their seat belt or shoulders straps. Unsecured objects are dislodged. Food service and walking are difficult. This intensity of CAT should be reported as

extreme

severe

light

moderate

26. What is the effect of a strong low level inversion?

It prevents vertical windshear

It results in good visual conditions

It promotes extensive vertical movement of air.

It promotes vertical windshear.

27. Low level wind shear is likely to be greatest

at the top of a marked surface-based inversion

at the top of the friction layer

at the condensation level when there is strong surface friction

at the condensation level when there is no night radiation.

28. The turbulence which occurs at high flight levels (above FL 250) is mainly of the type Clear Air Turbulence. In what way can moderate to severe Clear Air Turbulence affect an aircraft, the flight and the passengers?

The turbulence is a large scale one (waving) so that the aircraft will be difficult to manoeuvre. The passengers will feel some discomfort.

The turbulence can be resembled with the roughness of a washing-board (small scale) and will not have influence on the aircraft and its solidity, but will make flight a little more difficult. The passengers will seldom notice anything of this turbulence

The turbulence is wave like which makes the flight unpleasant for the passengers but the manoeuvring will not be affected essentially

The turbulence is a small scale one and can cause damage of worn out type. The manoeuvring of the aircraft will be made more difficult or even impossible. For the passengers the flight will be unpleasant.

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