Vayudoot Aviation

1.
In the initial phase of flight training the relationship between confidence and expertise can be described as

the pilot is sufficiently competent to fly and knows at this stage what he can and cannot do

the pilot has a sphere of expertise wich is reduced to daily use of his skills

during this learning stage, the pilot is very near to achieving full potential knowledge of the machine

the pilot is competent enough to fly the aircraft at this stage, but does neither have a great deal of confidence in his/her abilities nor in the whole system

2.
At what altitude (""threshold for compensatory reactions"") does the human organism start with remarkable measures to compensate for the drop in pO2 when climbing?At about

6000-7000 FT

9000-10000 FT

8000-9000 FT

10000-12000 FT

3.
With regard to communication in a cockpit, we can say that

all the characteristics of communication, namely output, duration, precision, clarity, etc. are stable and are not much affected by changes in workload

communication is only effective if messages are kept short and sufficiently precise to limit their number

communication is always sufficiently automated to enable an activity with a high workload element to be carried out at the same time

communication uses up resources, thus limiting the resources allocated to work in progress

4.
Early symptoms of hypoxia could be: 1. euphoria 2. decreased rate and depth of breathing 3. lack of concentration 4. visual disturbances

1,2 and 3 are correct

1,3 and 4 are correct

1,2 and 4 are correct

1,2,3 and 4 are correct

5.
Which of the following elements make up the personality of an individual ?1. Heredity2. Childhood environment3. Upbringing4. Past experience

2,3

1,2,4

1,2,3,4

2,3,4

6.
Which of the following sentences concerning crew-performance is correct?

Mistakes can always be detected and corrected faster by the individual

The quality of crew-performance is not dependent on social-competence of individual team members

The quality of crew-performance depends on the social-competence of individual team members

To be a member of a team can not increase one's own motivation to succeed in coping with task demands

7.
The percentage of oxygen in the air at an altitude of approximately 34 000 ft is

10,50%

42%

21%

5%

8.
Which behaviour does most likely promote a constructive solution of interpersonal conflicts?

Giving up the own point of view

Staying to the own point of view.

Active listening.

Responding with counter-arguments.

9.
Which of the following human error rates can be described as both realistic and pretty good, after methodical training

1 in 100000 times

1 in 100 times

1 in 10000 times

1 in 1000 times

10.
Which of the following symptoms could a pilot get, when he is subjected to hypoxia?1. Fatigue.2. Euphoria.3. Lack of concentration.4. Pain in the joints.5. Sensation of suffocation

1, 2 and 3 are correct

4 and 5 are correct

1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct

Only 5 is false

11.
Hyperventilation is

a too high percentage of nitrogen in the blood

a decreased lung ventilation

an increased lung ventilation

a too high percentage of oxygen in the bloo

12.
The most dangerous characteristic of the false mental model is, that it

will only occur under conditions of stress

will mainly occur under conditions of relaxation

can easily be changed

is frequently extremely resistant to correction

13.
Which of the following personality characteristics makes crew decision making most effective?

General intelligence.

Assertiveness.

Competitiveness.

Friendliness

14.
""Grey out"" can be observed if a pilot is subjected to more than

+ 3 Gz

+ 3 Gx

+ 3 Gy

- 3 Gz

15.
The occurrence of pain in the joints (bends) during decompression can be explained by the principle that

the quantity of a gas dissolved in a fluid is proportional to the pressure of that gas above the fluid (Henry's Law)

a volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of this gas at constant temperature (Boyle's law)

the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the separate gases (Dalton's Law)

the molecules of a gas will move from an area of higher concentration or partial pressure to an area of lower concentration or partial pressure (law of diffusion)

16.
During sustained positive G-forces the order of symptoms you can expect is

black-out, grey-out, tunnel vision and unconsciousness

unconsciousness, black-out, tunnel vision and grey out

grey-out, tunnel vision, black-out and unconsciousness

grey-out, unconsciousness, black-out and tunnel vision

17.
When flying through a thunderstorm with lightning you can protect yourself from flashblindness by:a) turning up the intensity of cockpit lightsb) looking inside the cockpitc) wearing sunglassesd) using face blinds or face curtains when installed

a), b), c) and d) are correct

c) and d) are correct, a) and b) are false

a), b) and c) are correct, d) is false

a) and b) are correct, c) and d) are false

18.
A passenger complains about a painful inflated belly at 8.000 feet. You advise him to:1. unbuckle and massage the belly2. stand up and let go the gases out of the intestines3. eat less gas forming food and avoid carbonhydrated beverages before flight in the future4. drink a lot of water throughout the flight

only 4 is correct

1 and 3 not advisable

2, 3 and 4 are correct

1, 2 and 3 are correct

19.
After a decompression to 43 000 FT the TUC (Time of Useful Consciousness) will be approximately

5-15 seconds

30-45 seconds

60-90 seconds

45-60 seconds

20.
One of the most frequent symptom(s) of decompression sickness emerging after a decompression in airline operation

are the bends

are neurological damages to the CNS

is a shock

are the chokes

21.
Motor programmes are

rules that enable us to deal with preconceived situations

rules that enable us to deal with novel situations

stored routines that enable patterns of behaviour to be executed only under continuous conscious control

stored routines that enable patterns of behaviour to be executed without continuous conscious control

22.
Which of the following statements are correct ?1 Hypothermia affects physical and mental abilities.2 Man has effective natural protection against intense cold.3 Shivering makes it possible to combat the cold to a certain extent, but uses up a lot of energy4 Disorders associated with hypothermia appear at a body temperature of less than 35°C

2,4

1,3,4

1,2,3

2,3,4

23.
Among the functions below, which is the most sensitive to hypoxia?

Speech.

Motor coordination

Night vision

Hearing.

24.
Cigarette smoking has particular significance to the flyer, because there are longterm and short-term harmful effects. From cigarette smoking the pilot can get

a suppressed desire to eat and drink

a mild carbon monoxide poisoning decreasing the pilot´s tolerance to hypoxia

a mild carbon monoxide poisoning increasing the pilot´s tolerance to hypoxia

a mild carbon dioxide poisoning increasing the pilot's tolerance to hypoxia

25.
Sensory input to the ""Seat-of-the-Pants"" sense is given by

acceleration of the stomach (nausea

subcutaneous pressure receptors and kinesthetic muscle activity sensors

blood rushing into legs

pressure of the heart on the diaphragm

26.
Changes in ambient pressure and accelerations during flight are important physiological factors limiting the pilots performance if not taken into consideration. Linear accelerations along the long axis of the body

change blood presssure and blood volume distribution in the body

will have an effect on blood pressure and blood flow if the accelerative force acts across the body at right angles to the body axis

are of no interest when performing aerobatics

will not stimulate any of the vestibular organs

27.
In order to get rid of excess nitrogen following scuba diving, subsequent flights should be delayed

24 hours

36 hours after any scuba diving

3 hours after non decompression diving

48 hours after a continuous ascent in the water has been made

28.
General Adaptation Syndrome is characterised by the following phases :-1 : alarm-2 : alert phase-3 : resistance phase-4 : exhaustion phase-5 : vigilance phase

2,3,4

2,3,4,5

1,2,4,5

1,3,4

29.
When a pilot is facing a problem during flight he should

take as much time as he needs and is available to make up his mind

avoid making up his mind until the very last minute

always make up his mind quickly to give himself as much spare time as possible

make up his mind before consulting other crew members

30.
Acute stress quickly leads to

the mobilization of resources required to cope with the stressor

a decrease in the amount of resources mobilized to face the situation

a permanent state of incapacitation

a state of overactivation beyond the control of willpower

31.
Between which components is an interface mismatch causing disturbance of the biological rhythm, thus leading to reduced human peformance?

Liveware - Hardware

Liveware - Liveware

Liveware - Environment

Liveware - Software

32.
Perceptual conflicts between the vestibular and visual systems are :1 - classic and resistant when flying in IMC2 - sensed via impressions of rotation3 - sensed via distorted impressions of the attitude of the aircraft4 - considerable during prolonged shallow turns under IMC

3,4

2,3,4

1,2,3,4

1,3

33.
Vertigo is the result of

""Oculogyral illusion""

""Autokinetic-illusion""

""Elevator illusion""

""Coriolis-effect""

34.
Approaches at night without visual references on the ground and no landing aids (e.g. VASIS) can make the pilot believe of beeing

lower than actual altitude with the risk of ducking under

higher than actual altitude with the risk of landing short (""ducking under"")

higher than actual altitude with the risk of overshooting

lower than actual altitude with the risk of overshooting

35.
Which of the folllowing statements concerning barotrauma are correct? They are

more likely to occur during ascent then during a rapid descent

caused by an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen associated with a decrease in altitude

due to pressure differentials between gases in hollow cavities of the body and the ambient pressure

mainly associated with a sink rate which exceeds the ability of the body to balance its internal pressures

36.
To optimise one's night-vision performance, it is necessary :- 1 : to spend some time getting adapted to low levels of illumination- 2 : to increase the instrument panel lighting by reducing the cockpit lighting- 3 : not to focus on the point to be observed- 4 : to avoid blinding

1,3,4

2,3,4

2

1,2,4

37.
The human ear is capable of perceiving vibrations between the frequencies

0 - 16 Hz

20,000 - 40,000 Hz

16 - 20,000 Hz

30 - 15000 dB

38.
The rate and depth of breathing is primary regulated by the concentration of

oxygen in the cells

carbon dioxide in the blood

nitrogen in the air

water vapour in the alveoli

39.
The following may occur during gradual depressurisation between 12,000 and 18,000 ft

sudden visual hyperacuity associated with headache

a rapid decrease in blood pressure which will lead to headache and also to a loss of coordination

a loss of coordination associated with fatigue and headache

a rapid decrease in blood pressure leading to considerable somnolence

40.
Once a pilot has developed a certain way of thinking about a problem he will probably

find it difficult to stick to his/her interpretation of the data

find it easy to interpret the data in different ways

find it difficult to get out of that way of thinking and difficult to try a different interpretation of the data

find it impossible to get out of that way of thinking, whatever happens

41.
What is the most decisive factor in regard to a very demanding stress situation?

The subjective evaluation of the situation by the individual.

The time available to cope with the situation.

The objective threat of the situation.

The unexpected outcome of the situation.

42.
You climb from 0 to 50.000 ft and measure the decrease of the pressure per 5.000 ft. The absolute difference in barometric pressure is greatest between

0 and 5.000 feet

5.000 and 10.000 feet

45.000 and 50.000 feet

10.000 and 15.000 feet

43.
Tolerance to decompression sickness is decreased by:1. SCUBA-Diving2. Obesity3. Age4. Body height

1, 3 and 4 are correct

only 4 is correct

1, 2 and 3 are correct

2 and 4 are correct

44.
1. Adaptation is a new state of equilibrium after having coped with a stressful situation. 2. An individual's prospect of the situation and his/her abilities to cope with it will determine the type and strength of stress

1 is correct, 2 is false

1 and 2 are both false

1 and 2 are both correct

1 is false, 2 is correct

45.
Barotrauma of the sinuses of the nose (aerosinusitis)

is only caused by colds and their effects

is an irritation of sinuses by abuse of nose sprays

is caused by a difference in pressure existing between the sinus cavity and the ambient air

is only caused by the flying sport, not by the diving sport

46.
After a cabin pressure loss in approximately 35 000 FT the TUC (Time of Useful Consciousness) will be approximately

10-15 seconds

5 minutes or more

30 -90 seconds

3-4 minutes

47.
What is synergy in a crew ?

The coordinated action of all members towards a common objective, in which collective performance is proving to be more than the sum of the individual performances

The uncoordinated action of the crewmembers towards a common objective

A behavioural expedient associated with the desynchronisation of the coordinated actions

The coordinated action of unrelated individual performances in achieving a non-standard task

48.
How is haze effecting your perception?

Objects seem to be further away than in reality.

Objects seem to be closer than in reality.

Haze makes the eyes to focus at infinity

Objects will give better contrast.

49.
A pilot is skilled when he :-1 : trains or practises regularly-2 : knows how to manage himself/herself-3 : possesses all the knowledge associated with his aircraft-4 : knows how to keep resources in reserve for coping with the unexpected

1,2,3,4

2, 3,4

1,2,4

1,2

50.
What airplane equipment marked a subtantial decrease in hull loss rates in the eighties?

GPWS

SSR

TCAS

DME

Question Bank

Questions for HUMAN PERFORMANCE ( 2520-3271)

In the initial phase of flight training the relationship between confidence and expertise can be described as

At what altitude (""threshold for compensatory reactions"") does the human organism start with remarkable measures to compensate for the drop in pO2 when climbing?At about

With regard to communication in a cockpit, we can say that

Early symptoms of hypoxia could be: 1. euphoria 2. decreased rate and depth of breathing 3. lack of concentration 4. visual disturbances

Which of the following elements make up the personality of an individual ?1. Heredity2. Childhood environment3. Upbringing4. Past experience

Which of the following sentences concerning crew-performance is correct?

The percentage of oxygen in the air at an altitude of approximately 34 000 ft is

Which behaviour does most likely promote a constructive solution of interpersonal conflicts?

Which of the following human error rates can be described as both realistic and pretty good, after methodical training

Which of the following symptoms could a pilot get, when he is subjected to hypoxia?1. Fatigue.2. Euphoria.3. Lack of concentration.4. Pain in the joints.5. Sensation of suffocation

Hyperventilation is

The most dangerous characteristic of the false mental model is, that it

Which of the following personality characteristics makes crew decision making most effective?

""Grey out"" can be observed if a pilot is subjected to more than

The occurrence of pain in the joints (bends) during decompression can be explained by the principle that

During sustained positive G-forces the order of symptoms you can expect is

When flying through a thunderstorm with lightning you can protect yourself from flashblindness by:a) turning up the intensity of cockpit lightsb) looking inside the cockpitc) wearing sunglassesd) using face blinds or face curtains when installed

After a decompression to 43 000 FT the TUC (Time of Useful Consciousness) will be approximately

One of the most frequent symptom(s) of decompression sickness emerging after a decompression in airline operation

Motor programmes are

Among the functions below, which is the most sensitive to hypoxia?

Cigarette smoking has particular significance to the flyer, because there are longterm and short-term harmful effects. From cigarette smoking the pilot can get

Sensory input to the ""Seat-of-the-Pants"" sense is given by

Changes in ambient pressure and accelerations during flight are important physiological factors limiting the pilots performance if not taken into consideration. Linear accelerations along the long axis of the body

In order to get rid of excess nitrogen following scuba diving, subsequent flights should be delayed

General Adaptation Syndrome is characterised by the following phases :-1 : alarm-2 : alert phase-3 : resistance phase-4 : exhaustion phase-5 : vigilance phase

When a pilot is facing a problem during flight he should

Acute stress quickly leads to

Between which components is an interface mismatch causing disturbance of the biological rhythm, thus leading to reduced human peformance?

Perceptual conflicts between the vestibular and visual systems are :1 - classic and resistant when flying in IMC2 - sensed via impressions of rotation3 - sensed via distorted impressions of the attitude of the aircraft4 - considerable during prolonged shallow turns under IMC

Vertigo is the result of

Approaches at night without visual references on the ground and no landing aids (e.g. VASIS) can make the pilot believe of beeing

Which of the folllowing statements concerning barotrauma are correct? They are

To optimise one's night-vision performance, it is necessary :- 1 : to spend some time getting adapted to low levels of illumination- 2 : to increase the instrument panel lighting by reducing the cockpit lighting- 3 : not to focus on the point to be observed- 4 : to avoid blinding

The human ear is capable of perceiving vibrations between the frequencies

The rate and depth of breathing is primary regulated by the concentration of

The following may occur during gradual depressurisation between 12,000 and 18,000 ft

Once a pilot has developed a certain way of thinking about a problem he will probably

What is the most decisive factor in regard to a very demanding stress situation?

You climb from 0 to 50.000 ft and measure the decrease of the pressure per 5.000 ft. The absolute difference in barometric pressure is greatest between

Tolerance to decompression sickness is decreased by:1. SCUBA-Diving2. Obesity3. Age4. Body height

1. Adaptation is a new state of equilibrium after having coped with a stressful situation. 2. An individual's prospect of the situation and his/her abilities to cope with it will determine the type and strength of stress

Barotrauma of the sinuses of the nose (aerosinusitis)

After a cabin pressure loss in approximately 35 000 FT the TUC (Time of Useful Consciousness) will be approximately

What is synergy in a crew ?

How is haze effecting your perception?

A pilot is skilled when he :-1 : trains or practises regularly-2 : knows how to manage himself/herself-3 : possesses all the knowledge associated with his aircraft-4 : knows how to keep resources in reserve for coping with the unexpected

What airplane equipment marked a subtantial decrease in hull loss rates in the eighties?